The Renault FT-17 was a French light tank from the First World War. The first prototypes of the vehicle were created at the end of 1916, and serial production started in 1917 and lasted until 1919, ending with the production of about 3,700-4,000 cars. The tank was powered by a single 35hp Renault 18CV carburetor engine. Its main armament was either a single Puteaux cannon 37mm L / 21 or 1 7.92 mm Hotchkiss machine gun. The armament was mounted in a round cast tower by Renault or a conical riveted tower by Berliet.
Renault FT-17 was one of the most revolutionary tank designs of World War I, as it was the first vehicle in history to feature a classic tank design: the driver's seat was located in the front, the combat compartment with a rotating turret was placed in the middle, and the engine compartment at the rear. This layout has been preserved in tanks to this day, due to its high functionality. The Renault FT-17 was also small in size and had a crew of only two people, which was unheard of compared to other tanks of that period! Renault FT-17 also received a special "tail" at the rear of the fuselage, which made it easier for it to overcome the trenches on the battlefield. The vehicle, which debuted on the battlefield on May 31, 1918, fought until the end of the war, proving to be the most effective and reliable tank of the French army. After 1918, it was widely exported (e.g. to Poland or the USA), often constituting the first tank in the history of the armed forces of a given country. The Italian FIAT 3000 tank and the Soviet MS-1 were also based on its design. Renault FT-17 remained in the arsenals of the French and Polish armies until the outbreak of World War II, but at that time it was perceived as completely obsolete design.
The Char B-1 Bis was a French heavy tank from the Second World War. The first prototypes of the vehicle were created in 1935, and serial production continued in the period 1937-1940, ending with the production of 403 cars. The tank was powered by a single 307hp Renault carburettor engine. Its main armament was a single howitzer A 75mm ABS SA 35 in the hull and a 47mm SA 34 gun in the turret. The 2 7.5 mm Reibel machine guns
Theoretical and conceptual work on the Char B-1 Bis began as early as 1921, but was repeatedly interrupted, which led to the fact that only in 1937 the first serial copies appeared. The concept of the tank was inspired by the experiences of the First World War. It puts emphasis on very strong armor (up to 60 mm!) And strong armament. Much less attention was paid to the tank's maximum speed, maneuverability and range of operation. Other drawbacks include the excessive workload of the crew - especially the vehicle commander - and the overall high failure rate of the tank. Despite these shortcomings, the Char B-1 Bis turned out to be a very demanding opponent for the German army during the French campaign in 1940, capable of inflicting heavy losses on German tanks, as in the skirmish at Stonne on May 16, 1940, when 1 Char B-1 The Bis with its own name "Eure" destroyed 13 German tanks and despite 140 hits[!!!] withdrew from the battlefield.