The Sud Aviation Caravelle was a French-made twin-engine airliner of the post-war and modern period. The drive was provided by two Pratt and Whitney JT8D-9 twin-flow engines. The prototype's flight took place in 1955, and the first machine was handed over to the recipient in 1959. About 280 aircraft of this type were built in the course of serial production. In 2005, the machine was withdrawn from use.
The Sud Aviation Caravelle was created as a result of a competition announced by the French Ministry of Aviation in 1951 for a new medium-range airliner that would compete with American and British aircraft. Ultimately, the competition was won by Sud Aviation by offering the Caravelle aircraft - for the first time in the history of communication aviation, a jet engine was placed at the rear of the fuselage. The machine has several development versions in the course of serial production. The first mass-produced one was designated Caravelle I and could take up to 64 passengers on board. A version of the Caravelle III was created shortly after, with modernized engines with higher thrust. In 1964, the Super Caravelle (or Caravelle 10B) model was introduced into production, with significantly improved aerodynamics and lower air resistance. The last development version was the Caravelle 12 plane, which was longer than the previous versions and could carry up to 140 passengers. Sud Aviation Caravelle planes have been used by many airlines from countries such as Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Finland, France and Germany.
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